Here are ten essential things every woman should know about yeast infections:
- Caused by Candida: Yeast infections, also known as candidiasis, are caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida, most commonly Candida albicans. Candida naturally resides in the vagina in small amounts but can multiply excessively under certain conditions, leading to infection.
- Common Symptoms: The most common symptoms of a yeast infection include itching, irritation, and soreness in the vagina and vulva. Other symptoms may include redness, swelling, burning sensation during urination or intercourse, and a thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge.
- Risk Factors: Several factors can increase the risk of developing a yeast infection, including taking antibiotics, hormonal changes (such as pregnancy or menopause), diabetes, weakened immune system, using hormonal contraceptives, wearing tight or synthetic clothing, and prolonged use of damp or sweaty clothing.
- Not Sexually Transmitted: Yeast infections are not considered sexually transmitted infections (STIs), although they can be transmitted through sexual activity. Women with yeast infections can pass the infection to their sexual partners, and vice versa, but it’s not classified as an STI because Candida is a naturally occurring fungus.
- Diagnosis: Yeast infections are usually diagnosed based on symptoms and medical history. A healthcare provider may perform a pelvic examination and take a vaginal swab for microscopic examination or culture to confirm the presence of Candida. In some cases, additional tests may be needed to rule out other causes of vaginal symptoms.
- Treatment Options: Yeast infections are typically treated with antifungal medications, which are available over-the-counter or by prescription. Over-the-counter treatments include antifungal creams, suppositories, or tablets containing active ingredients such as clotrimazole, miconazole, or tioconazole. Severe or recurrent yeast infections may require prescription-strength antifungal medications.
- Home Remedies: Some women may find relief from yeast infection symptoms by using home remedies such as probiotics, boric acid suppositories, tea tree oil, or yogurt containing live cultures. However, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider before trying home remedies to ensure they are safe and effective for your condition.
- Prevention: To reduce the risk of developing yeast infections, practice good hygiene, wear loose-fitting, breathable underwear, avoid douching or using scented hygiene products in the vaginal area, maintain a healthy diet low in sugar and refined carbohydrates, and take steps to manage underlying health conditions such as diabetes or immunosuppression.
- Recurrent Infections: Some women may experience recurrent yeast infections, defined as four or more episodes within a year. Recurrent yeast infections may be due to underlying factors such as diabetes, hormonal imbalances, or immune system disorders. In such cases, a healthcare provider may recommend further evaluation and tailored treatment approaches.
- Consult a Healthcare Provider: If you experience symptoms of a yeast infection for the first time, have recurrent infections, or your symptoms do not improve with over-the-counter treatments, consult a healthcare provider for evaluation and appropriate management. A healthcare provider can help determine the underlying cause of your symptoms and recommend the most suitable treatment options for your condition.
Understanding yeast infections and their management is crucial for women’s health and well-being. By knowing the symptoms, risk factors, treatment options, and preventive measures, women can take proactive steps to address yeast infections and maintain vaginal health.